![]() ![]() Cyberspace straddles the informational and cognitive battlefields. The third battlefield is the cognitive space, where information operations and political warfare take place. For example, a combatant may use electronic warfare to try to blind an adversary’s acquisition radars before an airstrike. Here, each side tries to gain superiority by improving the way information is shared, connecting space-based intelligence to weapons systems, or calculating the trajectory of an incoming ballistic missile. The second battlefield is the information technology space. The first category is the physical domain, in which ballistic missiles, main battle tanks, aircraft, the weaponry of ground infantries, and other military hardware are used to degrade or destroy an adversary’s physical resources.īarış Kırdemir is a Robert Bosch cyber policy fellow at EDAM. Modern warfare is based on unprecedented connectivity between and within three categories of the battlefield, which together build complex battle spaces. ![]() Issues at Stake AI and Integrated Battle Spaces All member states need to be involved in preparing for the transition to an AI-powered, highly interconnected world, because such a world will not tolerate weak links in defenses. Externally, the alliance as a whole must maintain its adaptability and agility in a highly competitive international environment. Internally, the alliance needs new mechanisms so that smaller member states do not lose the ability to support the organization. NATO should address internal and external disparities in AI capabilities. ![]() However, the alliance still needs to develop a holistic vision for developing and adapting to AI. Various organizations, such as NATO’s Science and Technology Organization and centers of excellence, help spread knowledge, create awareness, stimulate research and development support, and attract national expertise. Allied exercises include cross-domain autonomous systems, cyber-enabled tactics, and adversarial scenarios, as well as new C4ISR capabilities. Recent military capability-building efforts, collaborative research projects, and internal consultations in the alliance suggest an awareness of opportunities and challenges emanating from the rapid development of AI. NATO is coping reasonably well with the challenge. As disruptive technologies provide new tools for totalitarian regimes and extremist groups, the transatlantic community needs to develop solutions to mitigate the malicious use of intelligent machines.Ĭan Kasapoğlu is the director of the Defense and Security Studies Program at the Center for Economics and Foreign Policy Studies (EDAM). AI systems will be crucial for tackling more integrated conventional, hybrid, and peacetime challenges. This matters because states’ mastery of AI will determine their future strategic effectiveness in military matters, as well as their performance, competitiveness, and ability to deter adversaries.įrom the use of autonomous systems to the transformation of command, control, communications, computers, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (C4ISR) capabilities, and from intelligence processing to cognitive security, AI will change how wars are planned and fought. Because the development of AI, machine learning, and autonomous systems relies on factors such as data, workforces, computing power, and semiconductors, disparities in how well different countries harness these technologies may widen in the future. The AI revolution and accompanying technologies are also transforming geopolitical competition. Such a drastic shift will boost the social, economic, and political influence of those with game-changing capabilities, while the losing sides could face significant challenges. Intelligent machines will either team up with or replace humans in a broad range of activities. 2 AI applications will change many aspects of the global economy, security, communications, and transportation by altering how humans work, communicate, think, and decide. 1 Yet these technologies might stimulate a civilizational transformation comparable with the invention of electricity. It is hard to predict the exact impact and trajectory of technologies enabled by artificial intelligence (AI). ![]()
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